Malaria, transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito, is found in areas where this mosquito species thrives. Current dam reservoirs, the authors of the paper state, provide the perfect breeding ground for these malaria-transmitting mosquitoes, because the water that flows through them is fairly stagnant and slow moving. Matthew McCartney, of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and a co-author of the paper, questioned whether it is ethical to subject so many people to this major killer in exchange for developing the communities.

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